Carbonator



Oct. 13, 1931. 1 DE MARKUS 4 sheets-shea 1 CARBONATOR Filed Dec. 2l,1,928

INVENTOR [..PeNa/'uu v ATTORNEY-f Oct. 13, 1931.

L. DE MARKUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 L. .De Na mm/ ATTORNEYJ Y Oct. 13, 1931.L. DE MARKUS,Y v 1,827,386

cARBoNAToR kFil'ed Dec. 2l, 1928 4 ShetS-'Shet 3 Z6 INVENTOR L. DeN 1fATTORNEYJ -0ct. 13, 1931. f l.. DE MARKUS 1,827,386

CARBONATOR Filedk Dec. 2l, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet ATTORNEYJ Patented one13, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT gor-"Ficla i LOUIS yIDE MARKUS, OFPITTSBURGH,`PENNSYLVANIA,KASSIGNOR TO THE LIQUID GAJf` BONICCORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS CABBONATOR application mea December21, 192s. serial 1in. 327,609.

- A further object of my invention is to prov-l 1n vide a device of thetype described which has novel means for recirculating the ywater so asa to. bring about `the complete and efficient result. l .y

A further object of my invention is to prou vide a device of the typedescribed which .has

novel means for agitating the water for bringing about the deaeration.`

A vfurther object of my lnvention is provide a device of the typedescribed which has l a novel automatic snifting or vent valve whichautomaticallycontrols the deaeration in that the extent of deaerationdependsbe sides the thorough agitation of the water, upon the purity, ofthe gas within the car- 85 bonator. I p

A further yobject of my invention is to provide a device of the typedescribed which has two check Ivalves in the circulating por- -tion ofthe device which completely seal the 80 circulating means fromthecarbonator when not in'operation.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated inthe accompany-ing drawings, forming partof this ap` plication, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view ofmy device,

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic top planview of my device,

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the circulating andrecirculating mech'anism, y

Figure 4 is an end elevation of the circulating and recirculatingmechanism,`a portion thereof being shown in section, and

Figures 5 and 6 yare enlarged detailviews of portions of my device.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a base 1 having a housingsupport 2` mounted thereupon. A casing 3 is mounted upon the housingsupport 2 and is rigidly secured in. l place. The casing 3 is providedwith a rela- 55 tively thin outer shell or insulation cover 4.

An inner shell 5 is disposed within the outer f. shell 4, providing a clindrical space therebetween. 'An insulation 6 of any suitable material,preferably a molded cork, is disposed between the inner rshell 5 and theouter shell 4. v 4

A cover 7 is rigidly and'removably secured to the upper extremity ofthecasing 3. The cover 7 is also provided with an insulation as indicated'yat 8, which is covered with a rdome-shaped shell 9.

The housing support 2 is provided with a liquid inlet opening 10.Gas-injecting nozzles 11 are provided with outer portions 12 and innerportions 13 which are carried by the housing support and positioned aslight distance apart. A cylindrical column 14 is centrally disposed inthe casing 3 and has one end in engagement with t e housing support 2 soas to receive the outer portions 13 of the nozzles 11. A center gas tube15 is centrally disposed in the column 14 and has its lower end securedto the housing support 2 so that the tube will communicate with apassageway 16 `which is in communication with the portions 12 and 13 ofthe nozzles 11. Perforated bale plates 17 are disposed concentriewiththe tube 15 at spaced-apart positions within the column14. The plates 17contact with the inner wall of the columny 14, thus allowing passage ofgas or water through the column only by way of the openings 18 in theplates.

The. spaced-apart plates 17 providepcarbonating chambers 19 within thecolumn 14. The upper end of the column 14 is secured to the 'gas tube.15 by means of a head portion 20 which is provided with a plurality ofopenings 21 in the side walls thereof.

An inner sleeve 22 is disposed concentric with the column 14 and has itsupper end secured to the gas tube 15 by means of a head portion 23. Theinner sleeve terminates a short distance from the housing support 2 100for a purpose hereinafter described. An air exhaust tube 24 has itslower end secured to the housing support 2 and extends upwardly to apoint substantially adjacent the head portion 23. The upper end of thetube 24 is in communication with an exhaust air chamber 25. The lowerend of the tube 24 is in communication with an air outlet passageway 26.

An intermediate` sleeve 27 is disposed concentric with the inner sleeve22 and has its lower end secured to a collar 28. The collar 28 isreceivable in an annular recess 29, is supported by the housing 2, andis provided with an annular recess which provides an annular passageway30. The upper endof the intermediate sleeve 27 is secured to the gastube by means of a head portion 31 which has a plurality of openings 32therein. A plurality of openings 33 is provided in the central sleeve 27adjacent the upper end thereof.

A gas pressure regulator 34 is in communication with the. annular recessby means of a gas pipe or tube 35 and a passageway 36.

` A drum 37 is in communication with the gas titi pressure regulator 34and is adapted to contain carbon dioxide gas. l

An outer sleeve 38 is disposed concentric with the intermediate sleeve27. and is supported by means of brackets 39 on the collar 28. A seriesof distributing plates or discs 46, 41, 42, and 43 is provided. rlhedisc 40 is rigidly secured to the upper end of the outer sleeve 38 andis provided with a plurality of relatively short tubular portions 44which extend upwardly therethrough. The discs 41 and 43 have annularflanges 45. which rest upon the discs 40 and 42, respectively. rihediscs 41 and 43 `are also spaced away 'from the intermediate sleeve 27.The disc 42 is provided with inwardly' extending tubular portions 46 andextends to and in ei'igagen nient with the sleeve 27. The discs havestep portions 47 which are positioned in difwhich the step portions areso positioned as.

to cause the liquid to iow toward the inner extremity thereof or incommunication with the outer sleeve 38. A plurality ot openings 48 isprovided in the step portions 47 of the-discs 42, and 43.

A gauge 49 is carried by the cover 7 and is in communication with thecarbonated water storage chamber 50. The carbonated water outlet 51 isalso disposed in communication with the chamber and has a regulatingvalve 52 in communication therewith.

A circulating and recirculating pump 53 is mounted upon the base 1. Thepump 53 is rovided with a rotating shaft 54 upon which a group ofcirculating impeilers 55 is nssasse mounted and upon which arecirculating iml peller 56 is mounted. j

A water supply pipe 57 is in communication with a water supply at oneend vand has the other end in communication with a filterving chamber58. A filtering strainer 59 is'removably disposed in the chamber 58. Acheck valve 60 is disposed between the chamber 58 and an inlet opening61'to the circulating unit of the pump 53. T hecheck valve 60 isnormally held in engagement with `a valve seat 62 by means of acompression spring 63.

One end of the compression spring 63 is disposed ad] acent the diaphragm64, the outer edges of which are firmly secured.

An outlet opening 65 is provided for the l pump 53 for receiving kaliquid forced therethrough by the impellers 55 and the impeller 56. Adischarge valve 66 is disposed between the impellers 55 and 56 and theoutlet opeiiing 65. A spring 66a is provided for normally holding thevalve 66 closed. One end of the spring 66a engages with the valve `66and the other endengages with a partition 6612 which is provided withopenings 66o. A dia-` phragm 66a. is disposed upon the side of the plateopposite the spring 66a; A head plate 66e is disposed upon the diaphragm66d and is provided with a passageway 66]'` which extends from an inlet66g, in communication with the diaphragm, to an outlet 66h. Adiaphragm-actuated valve 665 is disposed in the passageway 66]. Theoutlet opening 65 is in communication with the liquid inletjopenwhich iscarried by an adj ustinghead 68. The

needle portion 67 is adapted to be moved inwardly to varythe'opening ofa passageway 69 which extends into the outlet 66h. This is inoaccomplished by rotating the adjusting head Y 68 which is connected tothe valve body 70 by means vof threads. An air escape tube 71 providescommunication between the passageway 26 in the housing support 2 and theinlet 66g.

A return passage 74 has one end in communication with acarbonated waterchamber 74 and the other end in communication with the recirculatingunit indicated at 75. A

suction valve 76 is disposed in the unit 75 In order that the operationmay be readily understood, I have indicated the course of the water byarrows having one pair of wings, the course of the gas by arrows havingtwo pairs of wings, and the course ofthe air by arrows having threepairs of wings. Let. us assume that the pump is set in `motion and thatwater is supplied tothe pipe 57 from any suitable source, such-as awater supply tank 82. During` the rotation of the impellers 55, thewater will y be drawn through the strainer 59 and into the compartment58. The suction created by the rotation` of the impellers will open thevalve 60 andallow the water to pass through the opening or passageway61. `The water is forced through the impellers 55 and through theassageway 83, as indicated by the arrows. his movement of the water iscaused by centrifugal force 'due to the rapid rotation of the impellers55. The force yof the water in passing fromthe last impeller 55, thatimpeller substantially adjacent the valve 66will cause the valve 66 toopen, thus allowing the water to pass through the passageway and theinlet opening 10.

The water inpassing through the inlet opening -10 is forced through theconicalsha forgii through the portions 13 of the nozzles 11. At thispoint carbon dioxide gas is admitted to the annular passageway `30 fromthe drum 37 through the valve 34, the tube 35, and the passage-way'36.The gas passes from the annular passageway 30 around the collar 28, andupwardly vbetween the outer sleeve 38 and the intermediate sleeve 27.The gas continues to pass upwardly until it has passed into the gaschamber, that chamber positioned above the discs 40 to 43, inclusive. Itis obviousthat the gas ma readily pass l around the disc 41v through t etubular portionsf46 of the disc 42 and around the disc 43 into the gascompartment. Furthermore, the gas in passing from the annular passageway30 may (pass-upwardly around the outer.

sleeve 38 an pass through the tubular portions 44 and then around andthrough the discs 41, 42, and 43, as indicated.

The gas in the compartment beneath the cover will be allowed to passdownwardly, through the gas tube 15, and into the as- .sageway 16. Atthis point the water is rst ymixed with the gas and this takes place bythe forcing of the gas through Lthe portions 13 of the nozzles 11 and inso doing, the gas is mixed with the water. l

The mixture of gas and 'water then asses upwardly through the column 14.ny so doing, the water and gas are forced through the openings .18 inthe agitating plates '17.,

This causes a breaking 'up of the water for allowing the air to passtherefrom.. Owing to the fact that the gas is more soluble than the air,the water will absorb a certain amount openings in the portions 12 andthenV of the gas. The greater the water is broken chamber 25 vwill beunder pressure causedy by the force of the flow of the water and thegas-through the column 14. Therefore, the airin the chamber 25 will passdownwardly through the air exhausttube 24. through-the passageway 26 andthe tube 71 tothe compartment 66. `As the air enters the passageway 667,it is allowed to pass through the snift valve 67 and into theatmosphere. The speed at which the air inaypass through the val've 67may be varied by the adjustment of the vadjusting head 68. The fartherthe valve 67 is-allowed to open, the greater will be the passage of airtherethrough. VWhen the pump 53 is in motion, the force of the waterwill hold the valve 66 open, and, as the water pressure `actuates thediaphragm 66d, the valve 66z' will be held open. When the motion of thepump is. stopped, the valves 66 and 662' are-closed. l Furthermore, theopening of the snift V valve '67 determines how much airv will bereleased from the carbonator, and hence the greater the openin the moreair will be released, and as a resut the 'upwardly through theintermediate sleeve to the upper extremity thereof where it may eitherpass through the o enings 32 in the head portion 31 or throug theopenings 33.

Upon passing from these openings, the water is again broken up and itcomes in contact` with the gas within the gas chamber.

A still further ydeaeration is brought about by causing the water topass through the openings 48 in the discs 41, 42, and 43,

`breaking up the water andy again permit- .ting the gas to be receivedthereby when additional air has been passed therefrom. y The water,aiter4 passing through the discs 41, 42, and 43, passes upon the disc 40and lfrom there it passes into the outer sleeve38. The

water then passes downwardly through the i outer sleeve 38 andintothestorage chamber 50. When the water reaches this position,

' which'in its rotation causes water to pass J ing throu In this mannerfrom'the chamber 74', through the return passage 74, and into the pumparound the valve V'76 after this valve' has been opened.

The valve 76 is opened by movement upward- 1y' offthe'piston 79 which isactuated by the pressure of the water thereagainst as passh the openingor passageway. 81.

the tension of the spring 77 and the water from the chamber 74 isallowed to enter the pump andbe forced through the passageway 65 afterpassing through the valve 66 and then recirculating through thecarbonator in the manner previously described.

Iclaim: y V l. A device of the type described comprisingl a casing, acylindrical column disposed vertically within the casing, a nozzlecarried at the bottom of the column, a water inlet communicating withthe nozzle, means for forcingthe water in the inlet through the nozzle,means for introducing a carbonating gas into the interior of the casingunder presing a casing,

- at the bottom of the column,

communciatingwith the nozzle, means for,

sure, a gas tube' disposed centrally within said column and havingcommunication at its top with the interior ofthe casing, a series ofperforated baille plates between the gas tube and the walls of thecolumn, an inner sleeve surrounding Aand being spaced fromsaid column` acover for saidinner sleeve secured to said gas tube, said inner sleeveter-y minating short of the bottom of the casing, an intermediate sleevesurrounding said inner sleeveand secured to the bottom of the casing atonev end and being open to the interior of the casing at the upper end,an outer sleeve surrounding said intermediate sleeve and'spacedtherefrom, said outer sleeve terminating short of the 'bottom of thecasing, means connecting with the top of the outer sleeve' for directingwater into the space between the outer sleeve and the intermediatesleeve, and means for establishing' communication with the bottom of thegas tube and said nozzle, whereby gas is mixed with the water enteringsaid column. v

2. A device of the type described comprisa cylindrical column disposedvertically within the casing, a nozzle carried a water inlet forcingthe'water in the'inletthrough the nozzle, means for introducing acarbonating gas into the interior of the casing under pressure` a gastube disposed centrally within said column and having communication atits top lwith the interior of theV casing, a series of perforated bailleplates between the gas tube and the walls of the column, an inner thevalve 76 is opened against reame@ sleeve surrounding and being spacedfrom said column, a cover for said inner sleeve secured to said gastube, said inner sleeve terminating short of the bottom of the casing,an intermediate sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and secured to thebottom of the casing at one end and being open to the interior of thecasing at the upper end, an .outer sleeve surrounding said intermediatesleeve and spaced therefrom, said outer sleeve terminating short of thebottom of the casing, means connecting with the top of the outersleeve'for directing water into the space beu tween the outer sleeveandthe intermediate sleeve, an air exhaust tube having its upper enddisposed in the space between said inner sleeve and said column, anexhaust pipe, means for establishing communication between said airexhaust tube and said exhaust pipe for receiving air, and means forestablishing communication with the bottom of the gas tube and saidnozzle, whereby gas is mixed with the water entering said column 3. A.device of the type described comprise ing a base portion, a casingcarried by saidV base portion, a column disposed within the casing, apump for introducing water under pressure at the bottom of the column,means for introducing gas under pressure at the bottom of the column, aseries of concentric sleeves for causing a circuitous flow of water, aseries of perforated discs for `breakingup the water to permit the moreready absorption of the gas, said discs being disposed between 1theinterior wall of the casing and the concentric sleeves, means forwithdrawing air from the water during its passage from the inlet to theinterior of the casing, and means for causing a portion of thegascharged water to return to the pump for recirculation.

d. A device of the type described comprising -a base, a housing supportdisposed upon p said base and having a water inlet opening, a casingmounted upon said housing support, a cover removably secured to saidcasing, a column disposed in said casing and mounted upon said support,a nozzle carried by said support and having an outer portion in com-`munication with said water inlet and an inner portion communicatingwith said column, a gas tube centrally disposedin said column and havingthe lower end thereof secured to said support adjacent said nozzle, aplurality of agitating plates having openings therein disposed in saidcolumn concentric with said gas tube, an inner sleeve concentric withsaid column and secured to saidgas tube, an intere mediate sleeveconcentric with said. inner sleeve and having the upper end thereofsecured to said gas tube, a collar carried by said support, the lowerend of said intermediate sleeve being received in said collar, an outersleeve concentric with said intermediate sleeve and supported by saidcollar, a

said discs, said discsv being arranged whereby the water may pass therer om into-said outer sleeve, and a water chamber provided in said casingfor receiving the water passingfrom said outer sleeve.

5. A device of the type described comprising a supporting base, a pumpmounted on the base and in communication with a water supply, a, housingmounted onsaid base, a sleeve member vertically disposed within thehousing and mounted on the base, nozzles mounted in the base anddisposed within the sleeve member, said nozzles providing communicationbetween the pump and the sleeve Y member whereby the water may be forcedupwardly through the sleeve member,fa tubular core disposed within andconcentric with the sleeve member, a plurality of spaced baliie platesdisposed between the tubular core and the sleeve member and provided-with openings for permitting the waterto pass therethrough, an innerand an outer cylindrical member disposed concentric and yinspacedapartrelation with respect to the sleeve member and each other,said inner cylindrical member having a closed top end, said outercylindrical member and tubular core having an open top end for providingcommunication between the interior thereof and the chamber withiny thehousing, said tubular core having an open lower end for providingcommunication with the interior of the nozzle, the lower ends of saidinner and outer cylindrical members being open and in communication withsaid pump, and a cylindrical shell disposed in spaced-apart relation onthe exterior of said outer cylindrical member and concentric therewith,the top end of said cylindrical shell being open and connected with aplurality of spaced-apart baiiie plates disposed within the housingchamber and provided with openings therethrough whereby water maycirculate Vwithin the housing, the lower end of said shelh being openand in communication with the chamber and a gas supply, said as andwater circulating through the cham er.

6. A device of the type described comprising 'a supportingbase, apumpmounted on the base and in communication with a water supply, ahousing mounted on said base, a sleeve member vertically disposed withinthe housing and mounted on the base, nozzles and the sleeve member andprovided with Y openings for permitting the water to passtherethrough,fan inner and an outer cylindrical member disposedconcentric and in spaced-apart relatlon with respect to the sleevemember and each other, said inner cylindrical member having a closed topend, said outer` cylindrical member and tubular core having an open topend for providing communication between the interior thereof' y and thechamber within the housing, said tubular c'ore having an open lower endfor providing communication with the interior of the nozzle, the lowerends of said Iinner and outer cylindrical members being open and incommunication with said ump, a cylindrical shell disposed inspacedI-)apart relation on the exterior of said outer cylindrical memberand concentric therewith, the top end of said cylindrical shell beingopen and connected with a plurality of spaced-apart baffie platesdisposed within the housing chamber and provided with openingstherethrough whereby water may circulate within the housing, the lowerend of said shell being open and in communication with the chamber and agas supply, said gas and water circulating through the chamber, andmeans for drawing off the gas withinthe inner cylindrical member whenthe gas exceeds a desired pressure. Signed at Pittsburgh, inthe countyof Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, this 11th day of December, A.D. 1928.

LOUIS DE MARKUS.

